When the first glass collectors were installed, it was energy savings that motivated the recycling pioneers: melting glass requires less heat than melting raw materials.
Forty years later, sorting has become widespread, with the aim of reducing the volume of residual waste. But we often forget that recycling also allows us not to consume the electricity and water needed to extract and transform virgin raw materials, and that it avoids the emission of large volumes of CO2. Thus, recycling 1 ton of paper and cardboard saves the equivalent of CO2 that a car traveling 250 km would emit. And we throw away more than 1 million tons of cardboard and paper every year…
Cans are reused over and over
We throw away 66,000 tons a year. A third is recycled, of which 6,000 tons come from selective collection.
The circuit: In the sorting center, non-ferrous metal packaging is selected by separators. They are then transferred to the aluminum processing plant.
What do we do afterwards? Other cans, but also chairs, parts for the automobile or aeronautics. With 1 ton of cans collected, we can obtain 586 kg of recycled aluminium. This cycle can be repeated over and over again.
Cardboard and paper are reprocessed up to 10 times
We throw away 1.03 million tons a year. 63% of cardboard and paper packaging is recycled.
The circuit: Once transferred from the sorting center to the recycling plant, the paper and cardboard are immersed in water. Glues, varnishes and staples are eliminated. The paste obtained is drained, pressed and dried to form reels of paper or cardboard.
What do we do afterwards? 92% of packaging is made with recycled paper or cardboard. With 1 ton collected, we obtain 825 kg of recycled paper and cardboard. You can repeat the operation a dozen times, depending on the quality of the papers. With each recycling, the cellulose fibers are damaged.
Nearly three quarters of glass is recovered
We throw away 2.89 million ton/year (all food packaging combined).
The circuit: It has been forty years since the recycling of glass began. Collected in specific containers, used glass is transported by dump truck to dedicated centres. Ceramics, porcelain and crockery are eliminated by optical sorting. The glass is washed, and the bottles and jars are crushed. Cullet is obtained which is sent to the glassmakers.
What do we do afterwards? New bottles: with 1 ton of glass from selective collection, we obtain 962 kg of recycled glass. This material can be reused directly. New packaging is made up of up to 90% cullet. Today, glass bottles and jars contain on average more than 65% cullet. Master advantage of this process: it can be repeated endlessly.
Tin cans are all recycled
We throw away 299,000 ton/year.
The circuit: In the sorting centre, the steel is separated using a magnet. It then heads to the steelworks where it is compacted, crushed and melted. There is therefore no need to wash the boxes before throwing them away: leftover food does not resist melting.
What do we do afterwards? Steel bars that will be used to make cars, pétanque balls, etc., and new boxes. Manufacturers have developed techniques to reduce the thickness of preserves: thus the new cans use less material. For 1 ton of steel from selective collection, we obtain 860 kg of recycled steel. Again, this material can be reused endlessly without loss of quality.
Cell phones are largely incinerated
125 to 150 million devices sleep in our closets.
The circuit: Since 2006, cell phones must no longer be thrown in the trash, but brought to one of the 6,000 collection points spread across the territory. Last year, only 250,000 phones were recovered by the approved sector.
What do we do afterwards? The announced recycling rate is 73.3%. In reality, it is above all a question of energy recovery from appliances which are crushed and then incinerated. Only ferrous metals such as steel (3.2% of the composition of a phone) are reused to make metal frames in construction, and non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum and copper (2.4% ), are recycled to make car parts or cables.
The Plastic Packaging Conundrum
We throw away 3.3 million tons / year (all plastics combined).
The circuit: The plastics collected go to sorting centers (manual, mechanical and optical). In the recycling plant, bottles are sorted by type of plastic — transparent or opaque. They are pre-washed, ground into flakes and melted into preforms. But recycling rates remain low. Only a fifth of plastic packaging is sent to a recycling centre, the rest being incinerated (41.7%) or landfilled/stored (39.1%). California is one of the most efficient states for recycling plastics (20% to 26% on average in the United States).
What do we do with it afterwards? The preforms are sent to the bottling factories to blow new bottles. PET is also used for textiles (fleece, duvet stuffing, etc.). HDPE is used for watering cans, garden benches, garbage cans… Today, in Santa Ana, recycled plastic only accounts for 11% of the composition of industrial products.
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